If the Windows 10 computer does not start at all, because the boot manager or the partition table is damaged or is missing critical system files, Windows 10 and so on. With an original DVD.
Windows 10 Recovery Drive
If you do not have a Windows 10 DVD, you can burn such a DVD using the media creation tool provided by Microsoft. The tool is free to download from Microsoft. It will later download the full content of the original Windows DVD to burn a DVD or create a bootable USB stick.
Windows 10: System Repair Disk
No key is included to install Windows on a new PC. However, the DVD created in this way can be used to repair a corrupted installation or reinstall it with an existing key. Before you create the DVD, select your language and operating system version.
Booting from emergency DVDs
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Booting from USB sticks
Alternatively, you can create an emergency DVD or a stick from an installed Windows. There are two rescue tools that you should not disagree: recovery drive and system repair media.
In the classic Windows Control Panel, select System and Security / Security and Maintenance / Restore / Restore Drive. It starts a simple wizard, with which you can create a bootable USB stick. In the first step, leave the Backup button to turn on the system files on the recovery drive. In this way, the tool saves all files necessary to reinstall Windows to the recovery drive. Accordingly, the process takes some time.
Connect an 8-GB USB thumb drive. This is reformatted as a restoration drive and all previously stored data is lost. In fact, only about 4 GB is used on the USB stick.
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The Windows Recovery Drive provides the option to reinstall Windows. In addition, all repair tools are included as on an original DVD.
In contrast to the recovery drive, the system recovery media contains only repair tools on a bootable CD-ROM. Here, Windows 10 does not provide a way to create a USB stick. The tool can be found in the System Control under System and Security / Backup and Restore / Create System Repair Disks. Burning this CD takes only a few minutes.
Booting with this CD takes a comparatively long time. In the first step, you must select the keyboard layout, then you have the option to reset the PC or restore the operating system from a saved recovery point or from a system image file. In addition, as well as when booting from a Windows DVD, the startup help is offered as well as an input request for extended problem handling.
Normally a PC boots from the first hard drive. To use Linux Live CDs, to install Windows, or in case you need an emergency CD, because the installed Windows is not booting, the computer needs to boot from a CD-ROM or DVD. Therefore, one of the most important settings in the BIOS, with which most users have to do sometime, is the list of connected drives, mostly in the boot area. Current BIOS versions also provide options to boot directly over the network or from an external USB drive. In BIOS Setup, set the order in which the drives are searched for a boot block. The first found operating system is booted. The feared OS not found error can simply mean that no operating system is installed on the drive from which the PC wants to boot first.
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UEFI - the BIOS successor
Anyone who likes to experiment with their computer and use live operating systems should set the following boot order
First, the DVD drive is searched for a bootable CD or DVD. After that, a bootable medium is searched for the USB port, and the computer starts from the hard disk. If you only work on your hard drive and do not use other operating systems, you should set this boot order
Unofficial rescue CDs
This saves the time spent on booting on CD-ROM drives. It also addresses the problem of accidentally booting from a bootable CD-ROM or DVD when it is in the drive when the computer is turned on. For the original Windows DVDs and also for Windows system repair media, a warning must be confirmed before booting from the DVD. Otherwise, the system boots even after the DVD is inserted after a few seconds from the hard disk. However, this does not apply to most Linux-based boot CDs.
Most BIOS versions still support disk drives, although they are not installed in any current PC. In the BIOS, turn off the Boot Up Floppy Seek switch. Then no more disk is searched for. The boot process is slightly faster.
If you rarely boot, in emergencies, from a DVD, you do not need to adjust the boot sequence in the BIOS. When booting, at the very beginning of the BIOS message, look for a line Boot Menu or Select Boot Device. If you press the function key, a menu will appear in which you can directly select the drive from which the PC is to boot this time.
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In an emergency, you can boot from the Windows DVD or from an emergency DVD - regardless of whether the installed Windows is still running or not.
Not all PCs boot from all USB ports. Often only the rear connectors, which are genuine USB ports on the motherboard, are suitable for booting. The connectors on the front of the PC case are often connected to an internally installed USB hub that is not bootable.
The BIOS has hardly changed in its basic functions since the first PCs and is now stale. Some modern PCs use the Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) instead of the classic BIOS: a graphical interface that can be operated with the mouse like a Windows program and usually offers significantly more configuration options than a simple BIOS
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The disadvantage is the incompatibility with proven standards. UEFI requires special boot media, hard drives, and also USB sticks need their own formatting in order to be able to boot on UEFI PCs, DVDs continue to work. The Windows 10 recovery drives boot with both BIOS and UEFI.
The freeware Rufus creates a bootable USB stick from an ISO file of an operating system, optionally for classic BIOS or UEFI. Switch on the Create bootable drive button here and select the ISO image option. Use the button to the right to select the required ISO file of the emergency DVD and write it to the USB stick with a click on Start.
Special rescue CDs offer even more possibilities than the system repair media from Windows. The best known boot CDs for rescuing data from damaged Windows installations are the SystemRescueCD and the Ultimate Boot CD for Windows. However, the latter is still based on Windows XP and can only be used to a limited extent for the system rescue of Windows 10.
The SystemRescueCD is a LinuxLive CD, which offers various tools for data recovery under the graphical user interface XFCE. The ISO image for burning a bootable CD can be downloaded from www.sysresccd.org. In addition to a file manager and the GPartEd partitioner, the Midori browser is also preinstalled to get additional information from the Internet in case of emergency or to access a cloud storage service for data backup. The SystemRescueCD is immediately usable after burning, but it can also be customized or installed on a bootable USB stick.
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